Dynamic Symmetry: Things an Architect Should Know

‘Dynamic symmetry’ is the use of axes, grids, and controlling lines to create proportions or symmetries. There are also geometric or mathematical symmetries that are performed by translations, rotations, reflections, or tiling.

The sculpture ‘Laocoon and His Sons’ was an ancient Roman sculpture rediscovered in 1506. The sculpture uses formal subdivision sometimes call dynamic symmetry. These are controlling lines in painting, sculpture, and architecture. This design technique was rediscovered in the Renaissance and used extensively in architecture. Greek and Roman temples used formal subdivision extensively as a compositional tool.

Michelangelo’s design of San Giovanni dei Fiorentini uses dynamic symmetry using axes versus regular geometric shapes. This implies movement and disrupts the stability of the circle or square. By the superimposition of two pairs of cross-axes dynamic movement is established. His axes are not lines, but directional space. There is tension between equal and opposing forces.